Runtime evidence: Linux, real systemd user manager, isolated fresh dev servers.
Base: c90b67859a6d85fc957f9ffe25ba95113c6479d3
Head: aed3ab2cbf54ba26006f1a26144f70050c04d771

BASE
initial: status=completed; reply=Initial scope launch succeeded.; error=None
new-claude: status=failed; reply=None; error=The provider could not start this turn. Retry the turn; if it keeps failing, check the provider setup and server logs.
codex: status=failed; reply=None; error=Failed to open codex provider session provider-session:provider-instance:codex:shared.
recovered: status=completed; reply=Scoped launches resumed after recovery.; error=None
Initial detection: Agent scopes are on
Recovered agent scope (real systemctl): t3code-claude-ad89463d.scope; ActiveState=active; Slice=isolated server agent slice

HEAD
initial: status=completed; reply=Initial scope launch succeeded.; error=None
new-claude: status=completed; reply=New Claude launch succeeded without a scope.; error=None
codex: status=completed; reply=New Codex launch succeeded without a scope.; error=None
recovered: status=completed; reply=Scoped launches resumed after recovery.; error=None
Initial detection: Agent scopes are on
[08:09:23.830] WARN (#21194): Launching an agent without a scope: systemd cannot create one
  {
    exitCode: 1,
    stderr: 'Failed to start transient scope unit: Unit run-example.scope not found.'
  }
[08:09:24.943] WARN (#21569): Launching an agent without a scope: systemd cannot create one
  {
    exitCode: 1,
    stderr: 'Failed to start transient scope unit: Unit run-example.scope not found.'
  }
[08:09:32.185] WARN (#22739): Launching an agent without a scope: systemd cannot create one
  {
    exitCode: 1,
    stderr: 'Failed to start transient scope unit: Unit run-example.scope not found.'
  }
Recovered agent scope (real systemctl): t3code-claude-700496ea.scope; ActiveState=active; Slice=isolated server agent slice

Recovery shim audit (two servers):
probe: forwarded to real systemd-run
agent: forwarded to real systemd-run
agent: forwarded to real systemd-run

The restarted Claude follow-up was sent in the web client: base showed a provider error; head answered. See paired recordings.